Abstract:
This research investigated the extraction and properties of bioactive compounds in Vernonia Cinerea Less. The nicotine content in crude Vernonia Cinerea Less. extract and the replacement of [3H]nicotine binding with nicotinic receptor by crude extract were analyzed. The first part concerned the extraction of Vernonia Cinerea Less. by Soxhlet, ultrasonic-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction at different experimental conditions (solvent, time, temperature, microwave power) followed by the determination of the nicotine content, using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of various substances in the extract from Soxhlet extraction by GC-MS. The results showed that the nicotine content in the extract did not depend on the percentage yield. For Soxhlet extraction of 8 hours, the maximum %yield of 26.230 was obtained with ethanol, while the highest nicotine content was found when acetonitrile was used (1.9697 mg/g dry weight). Ultrasonic-assisted extraction using water showed the highest %yield, which was 17.720 % (at 70 °C for 80 min) and the highest nicotine content was 0.0376 mg/g dry weight (at 50 °C for 40 minutes). For the microwave-assisted extraction, the highest yield of extraction was 24.314 % using water : ethanol (40 : 60 %) as the solvent (at 6 minutes and 180 W microwave power) and the highest nicotine content of 0.5017 mg/g dry weight was obtained with extraction by water for 12 minutes at 450 W microwave power. Finally, the partition extraction was carried out in order to obtain the substance in various specific groups including alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponin, tannin, antraquinone, phenol and antraquinone aglycone. Using the crude extract from the Soxhlet method and the partition extraction, the replacement of [3H]nicotine binding with a nicotinic receptor was studied in rat brain. The results showed that all crude extract from Vernonia Cinerea Less. was able to bind with the nicotinic receptor, especially the crude tannins and the crude extract from water, which showed the best result. In addition, the tannins are substances that taste astringent in Vernonia Cinerea Less. which affect smokers to get bitter flavor.
TRC Data Center